Cripple. History Major. Irritable and in constant pain. Vaguely Left-Wing.

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Cake day: July 21st, 2023

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  • In 1551, Taqi al-Din [an Ottoman polymath active in Cairo and Istanbul] described an early example of an impulse steam turbine and also noted practical applications for a steam turbine as a prime mover for rotating a spit, predating Giovanni Branca’s later impulse steam turbine from 1629. Taqi al-Din described such a device in his book, Al-Turuq al-saniyya fi al-alat al-ruhaniyya (The Sublime Methods of Spiritual Machines), completed in 1551 AD (959 AH).[32]





  • https://theartssociety.org/arts-news-features/become-instant-expert-…-nation’s-cathedral-treasures

    During excavations in Canterbury’s Great Cloister in 1938 this pocket-sized sundial, just over 6cm in length, was discovered.

    It is a unique survival from Anglo-Saxon times and is made of a tablet of silver, with a cap and chain of gold and a separate gold pin. The cap is decorated with interlacing; its end is formed as the head of a beast and the chain and pin are also finished with beasts’ heads. Two of the heads still have tiny gems for eyes. Abbreviated names of the month in Latin are inscribed in pairs in three lines on the broad faces of the tablet. Around the sides the words‘Health to the maker. Peace to the owner’ are incised in Latin.

    The sundial was probably made in the 10th century and is an intricate piece of design. The pin was placed in the hole for the relevant month. When the sundial was suspended from the chain, it used the altitude of the sun to calculate three separate times of the day. The calculations are likely to have been used to indicate times for prayer as part of the seven daily divine offices.







  • Explanation: During the Migration Period, hundreds-of-thousands of Germanic tribesmen flooded into the Roman Empire, on the run from political disruption caused by foreign nomad incursions (like the Huns) as well as climate change.

    Whenever the Roman Empire was reluctant to let them in, the Germanics made it very clear that they were not just politely asking.



  • Explanation: During the Migration Period, hundreds-of-thousands of Germanic tribesmen flooded into the Roman Empire, on the run from political disruption caused by foreign nomad incursions (like the Huns) as well as climate change.

    Whenever the Roman Empire was reluctant to let them in, the Germanics made it very clear that they were not just politely asking.