You can’t really get a concrete answer because there’s not a completely agreed upon definition of fascism.
That’s because there is no such thing as a consistently identifiable “fascist ideology” - it’s all just disjointed but thoroughly weaponized right-wing pretexts and excuses specific to the country in question dialled up to eleven with no regard to logical consistency. It also doesn’t help that liberals’ attempts to “define” fascism are hamstrung by their desire to frame fascism as something “aberrant” to the classical liberal nation state, when, in fact, it most definitely isn’t “aberrant” but instead built into the classical liberal nation state’s very foundations.
If people want to call Putin a fascist, fine - but then they have to call Erdogan from Turkey and Netenyahu from Israel fascists as well since they have basically walked the same line he did.
That’s because there is no such thing as a consistently identifiable “fascist ideology” - it’s all just disjointed but thoroughly weaponized right-wing pretexts and excuses specific to the country in question dialled up to eleven with no regard to logical consistency. It also doesn’t help that liberals’ attempts to “define” fascism are hamstrung by their desire to frame fascism as something “aberrant” to the classical liberal nation state, when, in fact, it most definitely isn’t “aberrant” but instead built into the classical liberal nation state’s very foundations.
If people want to call Putin a fascist, fine - but then they have to call Erdogan from Turkey and Netenyahu from Israel fascists as well since they have basically walked the same line he did.