The Nashville Sit-Ins were among the earliest non-violent direct action campaigns that targeted Southern racial segregation in the 1960s. The sit-ins, which lasted from February 13 to May 10, 1960, sought to desegregate downtown lunch counters in Nashville, Tennessee. The protests were coordinated by the Nashville Student Movement and the Nashville Christian Leadership Council (NCLC), primarily consisting of students from Fisk University, Baptist Theological Seminary, and Tennessee State University. Diane Nash and John Lewis, who were both students at Fisk University, emerged as the major leaders of the local movement.

On February 13, 1960, twelve days after the Greensboro, North Carolina sit-ins began, Nashville college students entered Kress (now K-Mart), Woolworth’s, and McClellan stores at 12:40 p.m. After making their purchases, the students sat down at the lunch counters. Store owners initially refused to serve the students and closed the counters, claiming it was their “moral right” to determine whom they would or would not serve. The students continued the sit-ins over the next three months, expanding their targets to include lunch counters at the Greyhound and Trailways bus terminals, Grant’s Variety Store, Walgreens Drugstore, and major Nashville department stores, Cain-Sloan and Harvey.

The first violent response to the protests came on February 27, which James Lawson, Jr., another protest leader called “big Saturday.” The protesters that day were attacked by a white group opposing desegregation. The police arrested eighty-one protesters but none of the attackers. Those arrested were found guilty of disorderly conduct. They all decided to serve time in jail rather than pay fines.

As racial tension grew in Nashville, Mayor Ben West appointed a biracial committee to investigate segregation in the city. Despite the committee’s numerous attempts at a compromise, the students declared that they would accept nothing less than the acknowledgement of their rights to sit at the store lunch counters along with white customers. On April 5, the committee suggested that the counters be divided into black and white sections. The NCLC and the Nashville Student Movement rejected the proposal, arguing that segregation of the counters was no better than black exclusion from them.

On April 19, a bomb destroyed the home of Z. Alexander Looby, the defense attorney representing many of the protesters. The bombing of Lobby’s home triggered a mass march to city hall where 2,500 protesters demanded answers from Mayor West. Diane Nash pointedly asked Mayor West if it was wrong for a citizen of Nashville to discriminate against his fellow citizens because of his race or skin color. The mayor admitted that it was wrong, giving the students an important symbolic victory in their campaign. Nash then asked the mayor if the lunch counters in Nashville should be desegregated. They mayor said they should.

After weeks of secret negotiations between merchants and protest leaders, an agreement was finally reached during the first week of May. On May 10, six downtown stores opened their lunch counters to black customers for the first time; the customers arrived in groups of two or three during the afternoon and were served without incident. With that agreement, Nashville became the first major southern city to begin desegregating public facilities. The Nashville campaign became a model for other civil rights protests in the 1960s and 1970s.

hello everyone - happy Black history month 🌌 here’s a massive archive list of Black and Marxist writing and film (with downloads!) to check out xoxo

Megathreads and spaces to hang out:

reminders:

  • 💚 You nerds can join specific comms to see posts about all sorts of topics
  • 💙 Hexbear’s algorithm prioritizes comments over upbears
  • 💜 Sorting by new you nerd
  • 🐶 Join the unofficial Hexbear-adjacent Mastodon instance toots.matapacos.dog

Links To Resources (Aid and Theory):

Aid:

Theory:

Financial Support to the Bearsite

  • mkultrawide [any]@hexbear.net
    link
    fedilink
    English
    arrow-up
    4
    ·
    26 days ago

    I’ve read a ton of posts trying to argue all sorts of emails were “pizza code” I haven’t seen one yet that was convincing. I’ve seen multiple where people were like “look at them talking about all this food” from restaurants I have literally been to. The guy just had pedestrian taste. Half the pizza emails are just talking about different pizza restaurants in NYC. We’re talking about a guy who would invite like world leaders over and serve takeout Chinese food still in the paper boxes until prodigious creep Woody Allen had to tell him to get better food. The whole Pizzagate theory was pushed a Jack Posobiec, a US Naval intelligence officer. Its was an up to make anyone talking about Epstein in 2016 sound crazy by attaching this stuff to it.

    • CrawlMarks [he/him]@hexbear.net
      link
      fedilink
      English
      arrow-up
      3
      ·
      edit-2
      25 days ago

      Like, jerky is obviously jerky.

      Howver pizza was code for child porn on 4chan and they may have invited that as they were doing a psyop there. So we can’t honestly say it is outside the realm of plausability.

      • mkultrawide [any]@hexbear.net
        link
        fedilink
        English
        arrow-up
        4
        ·
        26 days ago

        I’m not talking about 4chan, I’m talking about the emails. Every “pizza” email I have seen has been pretty easily explainable if you take even 30 secondss to actually look at them. I saw someone post an email about taking kids to a pizza party, and its literally just some parents, including someone who worked for Epstein, talking about having pizza party after a soccer game for the team, which you can can figure out if you recognize CT town names, you soccer terminology, or if you have the ability to do a Google search. Or another allegation that they were picking up “pizza” or “chick parm” orders for Epstein at 12:15 PM because “the time was actually code for age of girl he wanted”, when if you look into the NYC restaurants in those specific emails, they all open at 12 PM.

        There’s more than enough open, plain English evidence of them abusing children without having to delve into food-based conspiracy theory.

        • CrawlMarks [he/him]@hexbear.net
          link
          fedilink
          English
          arrow-up
          3
          ·
          25 days ago

          4chan is part of the emails. The people in question from the emails did sometimes use pizza for csam.

          I don’t think you can blame your average person for having their brains smoothly scrambled by the scope of the revelations. Is it not probable. But you cannot say it is outside the realm of observed phenomina.

            • CrawlMarks [he/him]@hexbear.net
              link
              fedilink
              English
              arrow-up
              2
              ·
              edit-2
              25 days ago

              I was there. I guess I can find you a old pedo bear meme that 4chan used to use Cheese Pizza to mean child porn if you want. Back in tbe early 00’s they liked to raid other forums and post it. If I recall it got on Oprah it was a big enough thing. Is that your contention that people will not know pizza was an old 4chan meme?

                • CrawlMarks [he/him]@hexbear.net
                  link
                  fedilink
                  English
                  arrow-up
                  2
                  ·
                  25 days ago

                  I am sorry. I don’t understand your question then. Pizza is a known code that the people from the emails seem to have created for 4chan. So people thinking that any other instance of those same people saying pizza could be part of that code is reasonable.

                  • mkultrawide [any]@hexbear.net
                    link
                    fedilink
                    English
                    arrow-up
                    1
                    ·
                    25 days ago

                    No, it’s not reasonable, specifically for the reasons that I have already outlined in my initial post: there’s people talk about this shit openly in these emails.