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mephedrone causes a relatively low level of harm due to it being prescribed by medical professionals, it comes to the user in a clearly defined dose that will be uncut; most heroin addicts die due to accidental overdoses or cut drugs with fent.
I imagine benzos are still the same; and you should note while cannabis is similar to more dangerous drugs its likely only considering smoking.
I know where the OG study is though its avilable to read, I know the conclusions but the methods they use il need to brush up on.
https://www.ias.org.uk/uploads/pdf/News stories/dnutt-lancet-011110.pdf
I wouldnt say that suggests tighteing laws, I think they mean by this addressing alchohol addiction and its root causes, not using a auth measure like banning to deal with it but focusing on it via a public health approach.
Thats because it shows relative harm; if Alchohol can easily be shown to be detrimental to society on a factor of literally 100000’s of more deaths attributed too it vs cannabis it makes no sense why its illegal and one is legal.
I agree on your wider points about how a socialist society studying this would likely come to different conclusions, the paper isnt even considering ideological basis but within the scope of it they likely never wanted to try to begin with, as its more of a study done by a chemist implementing sociological methodology without considering ideology.
Also re: there are more booze drinkers than heroin users;
Usage in decriminalized societies and legalized socieities of all narcotics goes down during leglaization. People gain access to medicalized routes of de-addiction rather than thrown in a prison cell with gangsters, murderers and drug dealers.
Also ideally in a socialist society we would ban all advertising, especially for narcotics so people dont get ‘encouraged’ to do anything and instead know how drugs effect you, how to manage them and the risks vs rewards.